NATIONAL LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION SERVICES BOARD
NATIONAL LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION SERVICES BOARD
Kithul Madeema, also known as Kithul Kapeema, is an ancient indigenous knowledge system practiced in Sri Lanka for extracting sap from the Caryota urens palm, locally known as Kithul. This traditional technology, passed down through generations, involves a sophisticated and delicate process of identifying the right stage of palm maturity, climbing tall trees, treating the inflorescence through specific techniques such as smoke exposure and herbal applications, and managing the timing and rhythm of sap collection to ensure quality and yield. Practiced primarily by rural communities in the wet and intermediate zones, especially in the Southern, Central, Sabaragamuwa, and Uva Provinces, Kithul Madeema is deeply embedded in the social, cultural, and economic life of these communities. The knowledge system reflects a close relationship with nature, sustainability, and respect for ecological balance. The collected sap is used to produce traditional food items such as treacle (pani) and jaggery (hakuru), which are important in Sri Lankan cuisine and rituals. Despite its cultural richness, this heritage faces threats from modernization, declining interest among younger generations, and environmental changes. Safeguarding Kithul Madeema is vital not only for preserving a unique cultural tradition but also for supporting community livelihoods and ecological wisdom.
